Automatic gun



Dc. 19, 1944. DQBREMYSL 2,365,459

AUTOMATIC GUN Original Filed Jan. 21,1941

\I/l/I/I l/l Ill/II 0 J KS I 2 I INVE T0 JOSEF DUB EMYSL.

Patented Dec. 19, 1944 NIT-ED STATES PATENT OFF] CE AUTOMATIC GUN Josef Dobi'emysl, Cambridge, England "Original application January 21, '1941,"Serial No.

375,166. Divided and this application March 31, 1942, SeriaI3No. ;436,989. 'In"Great Britain January 25, 1940 "Claims.

type having .atransversely slidin breech block coeoperating with .a .breech :block carrier capable of performing. longitudinal movements in the gun.

The object of the invention .is .to provide improved means for loading the cartridges into the barrel chamberxand for returning the empty cartridge cases back :into the cartridge belt.

According to the invention an automatic .gun of the typehaving a sliding breech block and a device for moving the cartridgesfrom a cartridge belt into the barrel chamber and .for returning the empty cartridge cases back into the beltis providedwwith a carriage mounted .for movement longitudinallyof thegun .and actuated by a lever pivoted in the breech block carrier and having one armoperatively connected with said carriage and the other arm forked for co-operation with abutments.

The accompanying drawing :shows in diiierent positions anexampleof the cartridge transporting deviceaccording tothe invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the relevant part of the gun showing the transporting device in the initial stage of its forward movement.

Figure 2.is: a side view .of theactuating lever and abutments.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, similar to Figure 1 but showing the transporting device in another position, and

Figure 4 is a similar section showing the transporting device in the final stage of its forward movement.

The barrel I has in its rear part a suitable slot In for the sliding breech block 2. A firing pin 3 is housed in the breech block 2. The latter is provided with studsor projections 4 engaging and co-operating with guiding grooves 5 arranged in thebreech block carrier Band serving to impart vertical opening or closing movements to the breech block 2 upon recoil or return movement of the carrier .6 respectively. The cartridge transporting device consisting of a carriage -I carrying a cartridge extractor 8 is mounted for sliding movement on the .upperpart of the carrier 6. The extractor isprovided with a book .9 for engaging the cartridges Ill at their rim or rear end. .An actuating lever I I for the carriage 'I is J'ournalled in the carrier -6. The lower part of the lever II isshaped as a-fork, see Figure 2, one limb of which engages a fixed abutment or surface I2 on the bottom or the casing I3 of the gun and .the other a pivotalror movable abutment I4. Arecoil spring I5 for the breech block carrier -6 is mounted in the rear part of the gun.

Theieedingmovement of the cartridge belt may be derived-from thebarrel I, which, as described in the specification of the concurrent application Ser. No. 375,166, filed January 21, 1941, imparts feeding movement to a feeding slide 21. The cartridge belt I6 may'be of-any desired type allowing full cartridges to be pushed out into the barrel chamber and the empty cartridge cases drawn back by the extractor to be received again by the belt. In a preferred embodiment the cartridge belt may consist of links each consisting of an elastic sleeveI I which holds the cartridge I U, the sleeve being secured to a carrying "piece I8. Thecarrying pieces may -be connected by any suitable means such as bolts, wire spirals, etc. Each link is :provided with guidin projections I9 on it front and rearends, said projections serving to guide and'holdithe linkin position in the gun even when the ilinkis empty;

The cartridges or the cartridge cases are supported along their path from the belt into the firing chamber and back again into the belt by supports mlgwhich may have the form of rods anchoredin'the'barrel land guided in the carrier 6.

:A cover .22 :may be mounted on'the upper part of the :gun .toiallow easy access to the operative parts of the mechanism. An abutment or the like 23 i arranged in the casing of the gun, said abutment .co-operating with the rear end of the extractor :8, or with a suitable projection thereon in such away that whenthe extractor durin the recoil :movement comes to the point .where the empty cartridge case is fully-drawn into the belt, the said projection, or the rear end *of the extractor, abuts against the abutment 23 causing the extractor to swing out of engagement with the cartridge case, as shown in Figure 1.

The :device according to the invention operates as follows:

When the 'gun has been cocked'the position of the parts is as shown in'lFigure 1, i. e., the carrier 6 is retained in its rear position by a trigger pawl (not :shown). The breech :blockiis open and the carriage I is :in "its retracted position onthe carrier-6. The lower :part of ithe actuating lever I I is directed :torwand :and one limb of it abuts against the surface I2. The cartridge belt may now berinsertedinto .the .gun as far as a suitably arrangedstop.

If the trigger is pressed, the carrier 6 is released for forward movement/under the influence of the recoil spring I15. 'During the first part of the forward movement .of the carrier t the lumen end gard to'the carrier 6. The carriage 7 brings the" cartridge it into the firing chamber and comes to rest, but the lever ll rotates in clockwise direction, see Figure 4, because the carriercontinues its movement. In the next stage of operation the carrier 5 closes the breech block 2 by means of the projections 4 and grooves 5. After the breech block has been closed the carrier still moves forward through a certain distance until it actuates the firing pin 3 and fires the cartridge.

After the shot has been fired, the barrel I, the

breech block 2 and the carrier 6 are moving backwards as one unit. After acertain distance the recoil movement of the carrier 6 is accelerated with regard to the barrel l, in-any desired manner, so that the breech'block 2 is brought into the open position. The accelerated recoil movement of the carrier may be produced in the manner described in the specification of the parent application, Ser. No. 375,166, filed January 21,;

The carriage 7 does not take'part in the first stage of this accelerated movement of the carrier 5 and moves together with the barrel l until the empty cartridge case has been pushed out of the.

chamber by the primary extractor or releasing organ, (not shown). From this moment the carriage 1 begins to move quicker than the'carrier. in backward direction, because the lower arm of the actuating lever II, which has'already passed over the tiltable abutment l4 and tilted it out of its path, engages the surface l2 so that the lever isrocked in clockwise direction; During this movement the carriage 7 draws the empty cartridgejcase back into the belt, i. e.', into that link of it, from which it was previously drawn out. During'all its movements the cartridge or the cartridge case is supported by the supports 43. The carriage l continues its backward movement together with the carrier 6, until the rear arm of the extractor 8 strikes the abutment 23, see

Figure 1, whereby the extractor 8 is rocked out of engagement with the cartridge case, after the latterhas been drawn into its proper position in that link, from which it was originally pushed. The whole cycle of operation is then repeated.

The device according to the invention may bepreferably used with a gun of a type described in the specification of the concurrent application, Ser. No. 375,166, filed January 21, 1941, but is in no way limited to this particular application and may be used with any other type of gun of the kind hereinbefore set forth. i

I claim:

1. An automatic gun comprising a gun casing, a gun barrel mounted therein, a breech block arranged in the barrel for sliding movement, a carrier mounted for movement longitudinally of the gun and adapted for co-operation with the said breech block, a cartridge belt for supplying into the belt, said means comprising a carriage mounted on the carrier. for movement longitudinally of the gun, a lever pivoted in the carrier and having one arm operatively connected with the said carriage, and abutments in the said gun casing for co-operation with the other arm of the said lever. y

2. An automatic gun as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lever arm co-operating with the I abutments is forked shaped.

"3. An automatic gun comprising a gun casing, 'a'gun barrel mounted therein, a breech block arranged in the barrel for sliding movement, 'a

' carrier mounted for movement longitudinally of into the gun of fresh cartridges which are to be and for returning the spent'cartridge cases back" the gun and adapted for co-operation with the said breech block, a cartridge belt for supplying into the gun of fresh cartridges and for removing spent cartridge cases from the gun, a carriage mounted on the said carrier for movement longitudi'nally of the gun and for moving the full cartridges from the cartridge belt into the barrel and for retracting the spent cartridge cases back into the vbelt, a lever pivoted between its ends in the carrier and having one arm operatively con-1 nected with the said carriage and the other end forked, a fixed abutment adapted to co-operate with one limb ofthe forked arm of the said lever, a movable abutment arranged for co-operation with the other limb of the forked arm of the said lever, said movabl abutment being adapted to engage the forked arm'of the lever at the forward movement of the carrier but to be moved out of the path of the said forked arm upon backward movement of the carrier.

4. An automatic gun as claimed in claim 3 wherein the fixed abutment is adapted to engage the fork shaped lever in the rear part of the backward movement of the carrier to rock out the lever and accelerate the backward movement of the carriagein this stage.

5. An automatic gun as claimed in claim 3 wherein the fixed abutment is shapedv as a guide of the forked arm of the lever for the last part of its backward and the first part of its forward movement.

6. An automatic gun as claimed in claim 3 wherein. the'movable abutment is adapted to co-operate and to rock out the said lever to impart to the carriage a forward movement accelerated with regard to the movement of the car: rier during the forward movement of the latter.

7. An automatic gun comprising a' gun casing, a gun barrel mounted therein, a breech block arranged in the barrel for sliding movement, a

: carrier mounted for movement longitudinally of the gun and adapted for co-operation with the said breech block, a cartridge belt for supplying into the gun of fresh cartridges and for removing spent" cartridge cases from the gun, a carriage mounted on the said carrier for movement longi tudinally of the gun, means on the forepart of thecarriage adapted to engage the bottom of the cartridge and to move the latter from the cartridge belt into the barrel, an extractor mounted for rocking movement on the carriage and adapted -t'o engage and gripthe cartridge at its rear portion when its bottom is engaged by the said means on the fore part of the carriage, a lever pivoted between its ends in the carrier and having one arm operatively connected with the'carriage and abutments in the gun casing adapted for co-operation with the other arm of the said lever.

8. An automatic gun as claimed'in claim 7,

means on=the said extractor and means in the casing of the gun for bringing the extractor out of engagement with the cartridge case after the latter has been drawn back into the cartridge belt.

9. An automatic gun comprising a gun casing, a gun barrel mounted therein, a breech block arranged in the barrel for sliding movement, a carrier mounted for movement longitudinally of the gun and adapted for co-operation with the breech block, a cartridge belt for supplying into th gun of fresh cartridges and for removing spent cartridge cases from the gun, a carriage mounted on the carrier for moving full cartridges from the belt into the barrel and for retracting spent cartridge cases back into the belt, supports for the cartridges during their movement out of the belt into the barrel and for the cartridge cases durin their return movement to the cartridge belt and means for imparting to the carriage of movements relatively to the carrier.

10. An automatic gun as claimed in claim 9, wherein the supports for the cartridges and cartridge cases consist of rods anchored in the barrel and passing through and guided in the carrier.

JOSEF DOBREMYSL. 

